Exosome, a new interesting therapeutic to promote wound regeneration
Keywords:
exosome, extracellular vesicle, wound regenerationAbstract
Introduction: Exosomes are tiny extracellular vesicles secreted by mesenchymal cells. They are derived from a variety of sources, including human umbilical cord stem cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. They have demonstrated therapeutic potential in wound healing, particularly for acute and chronic wounds, which are resistant to conventional treatments. Aim: This review summarizes the current understanding of exosome biogenesis, cargo composition, and their role in regulating inflammation, re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and remodeling during wound healing. Results: Exosomes derived from MSCs promote wound healing by mitigating the inflammatory response, stimulating keratinocyte and fibroblast proliferation, enhancing angiogenesis, and regulating collagen deposition. Conclusion: The therapeutic effects of exosomes are attributed to their cargo of proteins, mRNAs, miRNAs, and lipids, which influence various cellular signaling pathways.
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