Submissions

Author Guidelines

Authors are invited to make a submission to this journal. All submissions will be assessed by an editor to determine whether they meet the aims and scope of this journal. Those considered to be a good fit will be sent for peer review before determining whether they will be accepted or rejected.

Before making a submission, authors are responsible for obtaining permission to publish any material included with the submission, such as photos, documents and datasets. All authors identified on the submission must consent to be identified as an author. Where appropriate, research should be approved by an appropriate ethics committee in accordance with the legal requirements of the study's country.

An editor may desk reject a submission if it does not meet minimum standards of quality. Before submitting, please ensure that the study design and research argument are structured and articulated properly. The title should be concise and the abstract should be able to stand on its own. This will increase the likelihood of reviewers agreeing to review the paper. When you're satisfied that your submission meets this standard, please follow the checklist below to prepare your submission.

Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Manuscripts

The use of AI-assisted tools (e.g., ChatGPT, GPT-4, Bard) is permitted only for language and grammar improvements. AI must not generate original scientific content, conduct analyses, or interpret data. Authors must disclose AI use in the Methods or Acknowledgments section. AI cannot be listed as an author, as it does not meet authorship criteria. Authors remain fully responsible for the integrity, accuracy, and originality of their work. Editors and reviewers must not use AI for peer review. Manuscripts will undergo plagiarism and ethical checks, and undisclosed or improper AI use may lead to rejection or retraction.

Misconduct, Plagiarism, and AI-related Violations

Authors are fully responsible for the accuracy and authenticity of all references included in their manuscripts. In cases where serious inconsistencies are found—such as non-existent references, fabricated data, or citation of unpublished material—the editorial office reserves the right to suspend or terminate the editorial process at any stage.

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in the preparation of references must be explicitly declared under the Declarations section of the manuscript. The editorial office may conduct verifications both before and after pre-acceptance by the Editor-in-Chief. Manuscripts found to include AI-generated references without disclosure may be subject to immediate suspension.

In the event of confirmed misconduct, including but not limited to plagiarism, fabrication, or fraudulent citation practices, no refund will be granted for any editorial or publication services already rendered. Furthermore, if the manuscript is withdrawn due to misconduct after acceptance or final processing, the publisher reserves the right to apply a penalty fee equivalent to twice the standard publication fee.