Prevalence and predictors of fetal macrosomia in southern Vietnam: A cross-sectional study

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Prevalence and predictors of fetal macrosomia in southern Vietnam: A cross-sectional study

Authors

  • Thu Hang Ho Thi 1. Vinh Long Health Department, Vinh Long city, VietNam; 2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, Vietnam
  • Kim Quyen Nguyen Thi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, Vietnam
  • Hong Ha Nguyen Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, Vietnam
  • Ngoc Nga Pham Thi Department of Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9321-132X

Keywords:

Macrosomia, Maternal health, Obesity, Parity, Vietnam

Abstract

Background and aim: Macrosomia, defined as a birth weight of ≥3,500 grams, presents significant health risks for both mothers and newborns. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of macrosomia among women delivering at 37 weeks or more at Vinh Long General Hospital in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to June 2023, including 1,500 participants. Maternal characteristics and pregnancy-related factors were analyzed to identify associations with macrosomia.

Results: The prevalence of macrosomia was 36%, exceeding global averages. Key maternal risk factors included advanced gestational age (≥40 weeks, OR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.4–2.5, p = 0.02) , parity (OR = 12.4 for single delivery, OR = 3.7 for multiparous women, p < 0.01), and a history of macrosomia (OR = 3.9, p = 0.01). Pre-pregnancy BMI ≥25 kg/m² and excessive gestational weight gain increased the risk by 20.9-fold and 32-fold, respectively.

Conclusions: This study highlights the high prevalence of macrosomia in the Mekong Delta and underscores the importance of maternal weight management and prenatal care. Targeted interventions, including nutritional counseling and early risk assessment, are crucial, especially in rural areas with limited healthcare access. The cross-sectional design limits causal inferences, necessitating future longitudinal studies to assess the long-term effects of maternal health interventions and develop effective prevention strategies. Expanding research to other regions in Vietnam and similar low-resource settings can provide a broader perspective on macrosomia prevention and management.

Author Biographies

Thu Hang Ho Thi, 1. Vinh Long Health Department, Vinh Long city, VietNam; 2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, Vietnam

Dr. Ho Thi Thu Hang is Director of Vinh Long Health Department and is also a Lecturer in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy. Her research interests include Obstetrics and Gynecology, molecular diagnostics, and Basic Medical Study.

Kim Quyen Nguyen Thi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, Vietnam

Dr. Nguyen Thị Kim Quyen is PhD student in obstetrics and gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy. Her research focuses on obstetrics and gynecology, basic biomedicine, and SNP analysis.

Hong Ha Nguyen, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, Vietnam

Aso.Prof.Hong - Ha Nguyen is a Lecturer in the Department of Physiology, Faculty ofMedicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy. His research interests include human genetics, SNP analysis, and medical research

Ngoc Nga Pham Thi, Department of Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, Vietnam

Dr. Ngoc Nga - Pham Thi is Deputy Head and Lecturer in the Department of  Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy. My research interests include human genetics, molecular diagnostics, Basic Medical Research, and SNP analysis.

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How to Cite

1.
Ho Thi TH, Nguyen Thi KQ, Nguyen HH, Pham Thi NN. Prevalence and predictors of fetal macrosomia in southern Vietnam: A cross-sectional study. Acta Biomed. 96(3):16956. doi:10.23750/abm.v96i3.16956

Issue

Section

ORIGINAL CLINICAL RESEARCH

How to Cite

1.
Ho Thi TH, Nguyen Thi KQ, Nguyen HH, Pham Thi NN. Prevalence and predictors of fetal macrosomia in southern Vietnam: A cross-sectional study. Acta Biomed. 96(3):16956. doi:10.23750/abm.v96i3.16956