Identifying risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia in infants conceived through assisted reproductive technology: A retrospective cohort study

Zhanar Nurgaliyeva; Sevara Ilmuratova; Vyacheslav Lokshin; Lyazzat Manzhuova; Roza Seisebayeva

doi:10.23750/abm.v96i2.16891

Identifying risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia in infants conceived through assisted reproductive technology: A retrospective cohort study

Authors

Zhanar Nurgaliyeva Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D.Asfendiyarov https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0490-8000
Sevara Ilmuratova Kazakhstan Medical University “Kazakhstan School of Public Health” https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5445-8293
Vyacheslav Lokshin International Clinical Centre of Reproduction “PERSONA” https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4792-5380
Lyazzat Manzhuova Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8775-3985
Roza Seisebayeva Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D.Asfendiyarov https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4019-2954

Keywords:

assisted reproductive techniques, neonatal hypoglycemia, risk factors, newborn, prediction model, infant, hypoglycemia diagnosis, pregnancy assisted, reproductive technology

Abstract

Background and aim: 12 million infants are born worldwide after assisted reproductive technologies (ART), yet their health remains under-researched. Evidence indicates that neonatal hypoglycemia (NG) is more prevalent in ART-conceived infants. This study aims to identify risk factors for NG and explore prediction possibilities in this population, focusing specifically on ART-conceived infants without direct comparison to naturally conceived infants.

Research design and Methods: Our retrospective cohort study involved 120 infants born after ART. The participants met specific criteria, including being born from a successful ART program resulting in single or multiple pregnancies. Those born using donor oocytes/sperm, intrauterine insemination, or surrogacy were not included. Data for the anamnesis were gathered and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.

Results: ART-conceived infants were at greater risk of being born with NG in cases of multiple pregnancies (OR=14.2; 95% CI: 1.71-117.67), isthmic-cervical insufficiency (OR=10.29; 95% CI: 1.47-71.98), premature birth (OR=13.39; 95% CI: 2.61-68.84), and uterine infertility (OR=10.29; 95% CI: 1.47-71.98). ART-conceived infants had a higher incidence of NG when they were late preterm (OR=16.95; 95% CI: 3.26-88), with fetal growth restriction (OR=13.38; 95% CI: 2.42-73.8), infantile asphyxia (OR=45; 95% CI: 7.86-257.64), congenital pneumonia (OR=16.96; 95% CI: 3.45-83.3), congenital infection (OR=18; 95% CI: 2.98-108.8), respiratory distress syndrome (OR=16.09; 95% CI: 3.6-72.03), and low or very low birth weight. A regression model that exhibited statistical significance encompassed late prematurity, neonatal asphyxia, congenital infection, and maternal hormone intake before pregnancy.

Conclusions: Our study on ART-conceived infants identified key risk factors for NG. The prognostic model we developed supports early intervention and preventive measures, enhancing care for these infants. Future studies should include a control group of naturally conceived infants to compare the risk of NG between ART-conceived and naturally conceived populations.

Author Biographies

Zhanar Nurgaliyeva, Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D.Asfendiyarov

Department of Outpatient Pediatrics, School of Pediatrics, Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D.Asfendiyarov, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Roza Seisebayeva, Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D.Asfendiyarov

Department of Outpatient Pediatrics, School of Pediatrics, Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D.Asfendiyarov, Almaty, Kazakhstan

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